Therefore, in Emile Berliner patented the first successful sound recorder and called it the gramophone. Unlike the previous two attempts, the gramophone did not record on cylinders, and instead used flat records made of glass. When recording, a small groove was etched into the disks' round surface. These grooves could then be placed underneath the arm on the gramophone, where a needle would read and transmit the sound vibrations to the speaker.
Finally, mass-production of records was possible through the use of a Gramophone, and numerous disks were made from each recording. By , Berliner had created the United States Gramophone Company, which recoded and manufactured hundreds of records each year.
The first records were made of glass. They were then made using zinc and eventually plastic. A spiral groove with sound information was etched into the flat record. To play sounds and music, the record was rotated on the gramophone. The "arm" of the gramophone held a needle that read the grooves in the record by vibration and transmitted the information to the gramophone speaker. Berliner's disks records were the first sound recordings that could be mass-produced by creating master recordings from which molds were made.
From each mold, hundreds of disks were pressed. Berliner founded "The Gramophone Company" to mass manufacture his sound disks records as well as the gramophone that played them. To help promote his gramophone system, Berliner did a couple of things. First, he persuaded popular artists to record their music using his system. The second smart marketing move Berliner made came in when he used Francis Barraud's painting of "His Master's Voice" as his company's official trademark.
Berliner later sold the licensing rights to his patent for the gramophone and method of making records to the Victor Talking Machine Company RCA , which later made the gramophone a successful product in the United States. Meanwhile, Berliner continued doing business in other countries. K based Gramophone Co. Berliner's legacy also lives on in his trademark, which depicts a picture of a dog listening to his master's voice being played from a gramophone.
The dog's name was Nipper. Berliner worked on improving the playback machine with Elridge Johnson. Johnson patented a spring motor for the Berliner gramophone.
The motor made the turntable revolve at an even speed and eliminated the need for hand cranking of the gramophone. Johnson began to print it on his Victor record catalogs and then on the paper labels of the disks. Soon, "His Master's Voice" became one of the best-known trademarks in the world and is still in use today. In , Berliner invented a microphone used as a telephone speech transmitter.
The disc has a groove where the needle fits. Although the groove may look smooth, it actually has small backward and forward deviations. The needle is connected to a diaphragm, which is connected to a horn.
The diaphragm creates the sound and the horn channels the sound so it can be heard. The earliest version of the gramophone was invented by Thomas Edison in Edison created a machine that could both record and reproduce sound using cylinders covered in tin foil.
Early recording devices were just gramophones in reverse. Sound collected in the horn made the needle vibrate, which would cause small deviations in wax. Emile Berliner patented a system for recording sounds on discs as opposed to cylinders.
These were the first sound recordings that could be mass produced from a master record. Berliner persuaded some famous musicians to record their music using his system, which increased the popularity of his system. His early discs could hold a maximum of 3 minutes of music and that is what influenced the length of pop songs today. Before his discs, music was only something that could be enjoyed live. Berliner allowed people to own the music for themselves. After gramophone discs, magnetic tape was discovered to be a good way of recording sound.
From the tape came digital recordings using CDs and the minidisc.
0コメント